Kinerja Mekanis Beton Ringan Menggunakan Serat Sabut Kelapa dan Agregat Batu Apung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35334/be.v9i3.511Keywords:
Beton ringan; Agregat pumice; Serat sabut kelapa; Kuat tekan; Kuat tarik belah; Workability; Densitas; ANOVA; Analisis multikriteria.Abstract
Produksi beton ringan berbasis agregat pumice menawarkan pendekatan yang lebih berkelanjutan untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada agregat alami sekaligus menurunkan berat struktur. Namun, pengurangan densitas sering diikuti oleh penurunan kinerja mekanis. Penelitian ini meninjau pengaruh substitusi pumice sebesar 20% sebagai agregat kasar dan penambahan serat sabut kelapa (0–2.0%) terhadap slump, densitas, kuat tekan, dan kuat tarik belah beton pada umur 28 hari. Substitusi pumice menurunkan slump dari 120 mm menjadi 100 mm dan mengurangi densitas sebesar 9–13%, sejalan dengan karakter pumice yang ringan dan berpori. Penambahan serat menurunkan kelecakan tetapi tetap dalam batas kerja beton struktural. Kuat tekan menurun dari 18,78 MPa menjadi 13,37 MPa akibat penggunaan pumice, namun meningkat kembali pada kadar serat 0,5% sebelum kembali menurun pada dosis lebih tinggi. Sebaliknya, kuat tarik belah meningkat stabil dari 1,22 MPa hingga 1,84 MPa, menunjukkan efektivitas mekanisme bridging serat dalam menahan retak. Analisis ANOVA menegaskan pengaruh signifikan variasi campuran terhadap kedua parameter mekanis. Evaluasi multikriteria menunjukkan bahwa PA20–F1.0 dan PA20–F1.5 memberikan performa paling seimbang. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pumice dan serat sabut kelapa efektif menghasilkan beton ringan dengan ketangguhan lebih baik
Downloads
References
Ali, M. et al. (2021) ‘Evaluation of flexible pavement distresses – a case study of Northern Bypass Peshawar, Pakistan’, in 2021 Third International Sustainability and Resilience Conference: Climate Change. IEEE, pp. 399–404. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9668173.
Ali, M. et al. (2023) ‘Case Studies in Construction Materials Central composite design application in the optimization of the effect of pumice stone on lightweight concrete properties using RSM’, Case Studies in Construction Materials, 18(February), p. e01958. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e01958.
Ali, N. et al. (2011) ‘Mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete made with natural pumice’, Construction and Building Materials, 25(5), pp. 2458–2464. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.058.
ASTM International (2018) ‘ASTM C39-18, Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens’, ASTM International [Preprint].
Astm, S.N.I. (2012) ‘Metode uji untuk analisis saringan agregat halus dan agregat kasar ( ASTM C 136-06 , IDT )’.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional (2019) ‘Persyaratan Beton Struktural untuk Bangunan Gedung’, Sni 2847-2019, (8), p. 720.
Binici, H. (2007) ‘Effect of crushed ceramic and basaltic pumice as fine aggregates on concrete mortars properties’, Construction and Building Materials, 21(6), pp. 1191–1197. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.06.002.
Campione, G. and La Mendola, L. (2004) ‘Behavior in compression of lightweight fiber reinforced concrete confined with transverse steel reinforcement’, Cement and Concrete Composites, 26, pp. 645–656.
Esen, Y. and Doğan, Z.M. (2018) ‘Investigation of usability of limonite aggregate in heavyweight concrete production’, Progress in Nuclear Energy, 105, pp. 185–193. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2018.01.011.
Idi, M.A. et al. (2020) ‘Strength properties of concrete using pumice aggregate as partial replacement of coarse aggregate’, International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 4(11), pp. 519–525.
Ismail, S., Hoe, K.W. and Ramli, M. (2013) ‘Sustainable aggregates: the potential and challenge for natural resources conservation’, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 101, pp. 100–109. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.07.183.
Kayali, O., Haque, M.N. and Zhu, B. (2003) ‘Some characteristics of high strength fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete’, Cement and Concrete Composites, 25, pp. 207–213. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(02)00025-4.
Khodaparast, A. et al. (2025) ‘Effect of pumice on self-compacting earth concrete : Mechanical and microstructural characteristics , and life cycle assessments’, Journal of Building Engineering, 100(August 2024), p. 111703. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.111703.
Łagosz, A. et al. (2021) ‘Quantitative determination of processed waste expanded perlite performance as a supplementary cementitious material in low emission blended cement composites’, Journal of Building Engineering, 40, p. 102335. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102335.
Nafees, A. and Al., E. (2022) ‘Modeling of mechanical properties of silica fume-based green concrete using machine learning techniques’, Polymers, 14(1), p. 3.
Ray, S. et al. (2021) ‘Use of ceramic wastes as aggregates in concrete production: a review’, Journal of Building Engineering, 43, p. 102567. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102567.
Sahin, R. et al. (2003) ‘The effects of different cement dosages, slumps and pumice aggregate ratios on the compressive strength and densities of concrete’, Cement and Concrete Research, 33, pp. 1245–1249.
Sahin, R. et al. (2023) ‘The effects of different cement dosages, slumps and pumice aggregate ratios on the compressive strength and densities of concrete’, Cement and Concrete Research, 33, pp. 1245–1249.
Shang, X. et al. (2025) ‘Ultra-high-performance lightweight concrete ( UHPLC ) with various micron-sized lightweight aggregates’, Construction and Building Materials, 502(July), p. 144436. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.144436.
Shideler, J.J. (1957) ‘Lightweight-aggregate concrete for structural use’, Journal of the American Concrete Institute (ACI Journal – Proceedings), 54(10), pp. 299–328.
SNI 7656:2012 (2012) ‘Tata Cara Pemilihan Campuran untuk Beton Normal, Beton Berat dan Beton Massa’, Badan Standarisasi Nasional, p. 52.
Steele, A. et al. (2004) ‘Sni 15-7064-2004’, Badan Standarisasi Nasional, pp. 20–21.
Sultan, M.A., Gaus, A. and Hakim, R. (2021) ‘Review of the flexural strength of lightweight concrete beam using pumice stone as substitution partial coarse aggregate’, GEOMATE Journal, 21(85), pp. 154–159.
Tanyıldızı, M. (2021) Trakidasitik agregasının beton yol kaplamalarında kullanılabilirliği. Bitlis Eren University Institute of Science Department of Civil Engineering.
Wang, J. et al. (2023) ‘Fabrication and properties of concrete containing industrial waste’, Frontiers in Materials, 10, p. Article 1169715. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2023.1169715.
Yasin, M. and Hayrullah, A. (2025) ‘Comparative study of concrete properties using basalt , barite , pumice , and marble aggregates subjected to extreme temperatures’, 113(September). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.114036.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
©The author(s). Published by BEJTS
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0)
