Authorship Criteria

Borneo Engineering: Jurnal Teknik Sipil

1. General Principles

Borneo Engineering: Jurnal Teknik Sipil welcomes manuscripts from academics, researchers, lecturers, engineers, consultants, practitioners, and other professionals working in civil engineering and related fields. The journal recognizes that valuable scientific contributions may arise from academic research, laboratory experiments, field investigations, engineering practice, infrastructure development, numerical modeling, and applied technological innovation.

Authorship is based on substantial intellectual or professional contributions to the research and manuscript, rather than solely on academic qualifications, professional positions, institutional affiliations, seniority, or financial support.

All individuals listed as authors must meet the authorship criteria established by the journal and agree to take responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the work. The journal does not accept honorary, guest, or gift authorship, or the omission of individuals who have made qualifying contributions.

2. Criteria for Authorship

To qualify for authorship in Borneo Engineering: Jurnal Teknik Sipil, each author must meet all of the following criteria:

Substantial Contribution to the Work

Make a substantial contribution to the conception or design of the study, research methodology, data collection, field investigations, laboratory experiments, engineering analysis, numerical modeling, software development, interpretation of results, or development of the theoretical framework.
Participation in Manuscript Preparation or Critical Review

Participate in drafting the manuscript or critically revising it for important intellectual or technical content, including engineering methods, design analysis, experimental findings, interpretation of results, or scientific conclusions.
Final Approval of the Manuscript

Review and approve the final version of the manuscript before submission and approve any subsequent version requiring author approval during the editorial process.
Accountability for the Work

Accept responsibility for the integrity of the work and agree to ensure that questions concerning the accuracy, validity, originality, or ethical conduct of the research are appropriately addressed.

All four criteria must be satisfied by every individual listed as an author.

3. Authorship for Academics, Researchers, and Students

Academics, lecturers, researchers, and students may qualify for authorship when they make substantial contributions to the research and fulfill all the authorship criteria.

Academic titles, supervisory roles, institutional positions, or involvement in a research project do not automatically entitle an individual to authorship. Research supervisors, academic advisors, and principal investigators should be listed as authors only when their actual contributions meet the journal's criteria.

Students and early-career researchers who have made qualifying contributions must receive appropriate recognition as authors, regardless of their academic status or seniority.

4. Authorship for Civil Engineering Practitioners and Professionals

The journal recognizes the important contributions of civil engineering practitioners and professionals, including engineers, consultants, contractors, project managers, laboratory specialists, infrastructure planners, and technical experts.

Practitioners may qualify for authorship when their contributions extend beyond routine professional duties and constitute substantial intellectual or technical input into the research or manuscript. Qualifying contributions may include:

Developing innovative engineering methods, design approaches, or technical solutions.
Conducting and interpreting field investigations, structural assessments, geotechnical investigations, hydraulic analyses, transportation studies, or construction experiments.
Developing or validating numerical models, engineering simulations, or computational methods.
Analyzing infrastructure performance, construction processes, material properties, or engineering failure mechanisms.
Interpreting technical data and deriving research findings with scientific or engineering significance.
Drafting or critically revising the manuscript and approving the final version.

Professional experience, participation in an infrastructure project, provision of project data, or responsibility for project implementation alone does not automatically qualify an individual for authorship. The individual must also satisfy all four authorship criteria.

5. Contributions That Do Not Independently Qualify for Authorship

The following activities, when performed alone, are insufficient to establish authorship:

Providing funding, sponsorship, or financial resources.
Holding a senior academic, managerial, or professional position.
Supervising students or managing a project without substantial intellectual contribution.
Providing routine field data, laboratory services, equipment, facilities, or access to project sites.
Performing routine technical assistance or administrative duties.
Providing language editing, proofreading, formatting, or other editorial services.
Providing general advice without substantial involvement in the research or manuscript.

Individuals whose contributions do not satisfy all authorship criteria may be acknowledged in the Acknowledgments section, with their consent and in accordance with applicable confidentiality requirements.

6. Author Order and Corresponding Author Responsibilities

The order of authors should be agreed upon by all authors before submission and should reflect their relative contributions to the research and manuscript. The journal does not impose a universal author-order convention because contribution practices may vary across civil engineering disciplines and research teams.

The corresponding author serves as the primary contact with the editorial office and is responsible for coordinating communications throughout submission, peer review, revision, and publication.

The corresponding author must ensure that:

All listed authors satisfy the journal's authorship criteria.
All authors have reviewed and approved the submitted manuscript.
All authors agree to the author order and the corresponding author's designation.
Author names, affiliations, and contact information are accurate.
Author contributions and relevant declarations are complete and truthful.
All authors are informed of significant editorial decisions and revisions.
Any potential conflicts of interest and relevant research ethics requirements are disclosed.

The corresponding author is not the sole person responsible for the research. All authors remain accountable for the integrity of the publication and for their respective contributions.

7. Author Contributions Statement

Authors are encouraged to provide an Author Contributions Statement that clearly identifies each individual's role in the research and manuscript preparation.

Where appropriate, the journal encourages the use of the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT), including roles such as conceptualization, methodology, investigation, data curation, formal analysis, software, validation, visualization, supervision, project administration, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing.

For multidisciplinary research involving academics and engineering practitioners, contribution statements should distinguish intellectual and analytical contributions from routine operational, administrative, or technical support.

The use of CRediT does not replace the requirement that each listed author meet all four authorship criteria.

8. Changes in Authorship

Requests to add, remove, or rearrange authors after manuscript submission must be submitted in writing to the editorial office by the corresponding author, accompanied by a clear explanation and written agreement from all affected authors.

The editorial team may request additional documentation to verify the proposed change. The editorial process may be suspended while a disputed authorship issue is investigated.

Authorship changes must reflect legitimate contributions and agreements among the authors. They must not be made solely because of changes in institutional position, professional seniority, funding arrangements, or managerial authority.

Any authorship correction after publication will be handled in accordance with the journal's publication ethics and correction policies.

9. Authorship Disputes and Misconduct

Authors are expected to resolve authorship disagreements transparently and in good faith. If a dispute cannot be resolved among the parties, the journal may request an investigation by the relevant institution, employer, or research organization.

The journal may take appropriate action in cases involving honorary authorship, ghost authorship, fabricated contribution statements, unauthorized authorship changes, or other forms of publication misconduct. Such action may include suspension of editorial processing, rejection, correction, or other measures consistent with the journal's publication ethics policies.

10. Use of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools and generative AI systems cannot be listed as authors because they cannot assume the responsibilities and accountability required of human authors.

Authors who use AI tools in preparing their manuscripts must disclose such use in accordance with the journal's AI policy. Authors remain responsible for verifying the accuracy of the content, the validity of references, the originality of the work, and compliance with research and publication ethics.

The use of AI tools does not independently qualify any individual for authorship.

11. Declaration of Compliance

By submitting a manuscript to Borneo Engineering: Jurnal Teknik Sipil, the corresponding author confirms that all listed authors meet the journal's authorship criteria, have approved the submitted manuscript, and agree to the author order.

All authors are expected to comply with this policy and applicable standards of responsible research and scholarly publishing.

Policy Reference: This policy is informed by the authorship principles of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT), and established publication ethics practices, adapted to the multidisciplinary nature of civil engineering research and professional practice.