Optimasi Penempatan Tower Crane dengan Mempertimbangkan Beban Angkatan (Studi Kasus: Proyek High-Rise Building di Kota Surabaya)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35334/be.v9i3.445Keywords:
Tower Crane, Keseimbangan Beban Kerja, Nilai Konflik, Efisiensi BiayaAbstract
Tower crane merupakan salah satu peralatan utama dalam proyek konstruksi gedung bertingkat yang berperan penting dalam distribusi material. Penempatan tower crane yang tidak optimal dapat menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas sehingga jadwal proyek terlambat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis optimasi penempatan tower crane berdasarkan nilai konflik , keseimbangan beban kerja , durasi proyek, dan total biaya. Metode penelitian menggunakan pemodelan spasial dengan membagi area proyek ke dalam zona demand yang ditentukan berdasarkan kebutuhan material, kapasitas angkatan, serta elevasi lantai. Selanjutnya dilakukan iterasi perhitungan pada tiga skenario: (1) kondisi eksisting, (2) optimasi penempatan dengan tiga tower crane, dan (3) optimasi penempatan dengan dua tower crane. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada skenario 1 nilai konflik sebesar 141.236 dan keseimbangan beban kerja 603,18 menit dengan durasi proyek 165 hari. Pada skenario 2, konflik turun menjadi 42.706 dan keseimbangan beban kerja menjadi 417,09 menit dengan durasi 148 hari, tetapi ada peningkatan biaya. Sementara itu, skenario 3 menghasilkan nilai konflik nol, keseimbangan beban kerja 346,06 menit, dan biaya operasional lebih rendah dibanding skenario 1 maupun 2, meskipun durasi proyek lebih lama yaitu 169 hari. Dengan demikian, skenario 3 dapat dianggap sebagai solusi terbaik karena memberikan distribusi beban kerja yang lebih merata, eliminasi konflik, dan efisiensi biaya, meskipun memiliki durasi proyek yang sedikit lebih panjang.
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